Regulator system



Jan. 13, 1931. *EJRM RTON 1,788,734;

REGULATOR SYSTEM Filed April so 1929 ,uvvm/rok Eli/MORTON I I a ATTORNEY Yunnan-n a lemon, 101- BROOKLYN; You; "MBY GN QB" r05 i i=1 "LABORATOBIES mconromran' or ma you; y

, {Thi ihvnti ni-elateste'regulator systems which ,operatehlwith precision and ;particu-..

any to precision regulator systems which tivel'y large corrective fo I y rce cuponjtendency of the characteristic bein force. to prevent hunting action;

vid'e' atregulator system for a dynamo elee Y V tricflmachinej that shall maintain: achargeteri st'ic of the ,machine. constant "and that shall produce; a" relatively large [corrective "force, upon tendencyof the characteristic to 5 change; W ich is:

vent hunting vtuition.

vide a motor speed regulator system haying vacuum tube circuits for, controlling :the

relatively large corrective excitation vto the motor field winding uponqtendency of-the. motorspeed to change and gradually reducethe correctiveexcitation of the motorv field winding to prevent hunting action.

' In controlling motors) with precision to maintain the speed thereof constant, as ;for-:

example in sound picture systems, it is 'd'e: sirable. to yhave the regulator very sensitive In a regulator. system having1 p lftsen emp oyi p (1180 'for controlling: the excitation of a motor to, maintain thee-speed thereof constant and means are employed to insure against hunting action. Inthe disclosed system a mot-n;

. torji's directly connected to an inductor alternator which produces an alternating current having a frequency varying according tothe .t ,ih l -ico im t change and. "adu'ally reilucevthe correctiyef 10 gradually reduced to pre g a a 1 impressed upon [A further object of the; invention is to,pro-' eratio'n comprises a condenser ofrelatively condenser which shunts; the resistanceelement permits the full potential from-the speed of ithe mad; The inductor alteriia I I tor is connected to two opposite verticesof ajWVheatstone bridge circuit having one arm thereof tuned to the vfrequencyiof the alternator when themoto'rjis operating at normal speedi iA vpha'se detector tube has the circuitflithereof connected to the vertices of the Wheatstone gbridgef circuit c opposite to the vertice' sco nnected tothealtern'ator; A1 t Z ternat ng potential is sup liedto' the plate- Anotherobjectof the inventionsis te'pro-fiof the -phase detector tube From theinducto'r alternator.- Thephase detector t'ubeis' op erated.-in .accordance withlthe phase relation b rid ecircuitjand the: potential impressed. upon t y e plate from the alternator; The phase of-the potential with the frequency'of the alternatorcurrent so that the output from "the phase detector the motor; Systems-ofwthis ty e are disclosed in' the patent toH; M. toll'er; No

1,695,035, dated December 11. 1928; 'in' the the-grid matte Wheat I stone bridge circuit "varies' in; accordance.

tube varies iii-accordance With'the speedo'f patent: to H. M Stoller Ne. '1,711;cc1,"dated May'l', 1929 and in the application ef H;

tcm'berQO, 1928. i

' Stoller et a1, SerialNo; 30?,139;'filedysepJ The phasejdetector tube ,is coupled to .a thermionic amplifier by means of a'resistance element. The amplifier tube is directly conto tendencies of the motor tocha'nge, speed and operate in a manner to prevent any hunting action onthe part of theregulator.

necteld toaregulating field winding ofthe v mot-orfor controllingthe motor field excite H y ,ti'oh to 'maintainth'e motor speed;constant;v no movingarge devices very sensitiveand qu1ckiregulation may. obtained but ziuxiliarymeans must be ?pro- In the output circuit ofithe phase detector,

tube is provided means for stabilizing the; regulating} action to prevent hunting action.

The. means for stabilizing the regulating oplarge capacity.:' The plate of the phase detector tube to be applied tothe grid of the amplifieronly-during a resistance shunted by a transient "ortsuddenvchange ,in the output' ttro m the 'phasedetector-tube. When the outplifier tubeis limited by the resistance ele-. ment which is shunted by the condenser.

If the speed of the motor tends to decrease, the anti-hunting means, comprising the resistance element shunted by the condenser, serves to efiect a sudden decrease in the motor field excitation to compensate for the tendency to lower the speed thereof v The discharge of thecondenser gradually lowers the compensating excitation ap lied to the field winding. f the speedo the. motortends to increase, theanti-huntingmeans apof the motor to oppose the tendencyof the motor to increase 1n speed. The compensating excitation is gra ually reduced tohold the motor in a steady operating state.

The single figure ,in the accompanyingdrawing is adiagrammatic view of a regulator system constructed in accordance with the invention. i H 1 Referring to the drawing, amotorl comprising an armature 2,'a shunt fieldwinding 3 and a regulating field winding 4 is directly connected to an inductor-alternator 5. The

inductor -alternator 5 'is provided with an armature winding 6 and a field windin 7. The alternator bein .directlyconnecte to the motor-1, will pro uce an alternating current having a frequency varying according to the speed of the motor. 1 a

The excitation of the regulating field winding 4.,is controlled by the alternator 5 operating through a Wheatstone bridge circuit 8, a phase detector tube 9 and a regulator tube 10 serving asan amplifier. The ,Wheatstone bridge circuit 8 comprises three resistance arms 11,12 and 13 and an arm 14 in the form of a tuned circuit. The-bridge arm14 is tuned to the frequency of the alternator 5- when the motor is operating at normal speed. 'hvo opposite vertices of the bridge circuit are connected across the armature winding 6 of the alternator 5... The two other vertices of the Wheatstone bridge circuit are connected to the input circuit of the phase detector tube 9. I i a The phase detector tube 9 comprises a grid element 15, a filament or cathode 16 and a plate. or anode 17. Alternatin potential from the armature winding 6 0% detect-or tu e by means of a transformer19.

-A battery 20' divided into sections 21, 22 and 23 is provided for operating the motor, for

provided for operatingthe system if so desired.

The-battery section 21 supplies current to winding 3 and the alternator field winding 7. The battery section 22 supplies filament the alter- L nator is applied to the plate 17 of the phase crease in speed. the motor armature .2, the motor shunt field current to the phase detector tube 9 and the battery section 23 provides biasing potential for the id 15 of the phase detector tube 9, The p ase detector tube 9 is coupled to the thermionic amplifier tube 10 b means of a resistance element 25. The phase detector tube impresses a potential upon the couplin resistance25 which varies inaccdrdance wit the phase relation between the potenti-alsimpressed .upon the grid and plate of the detector tube and upon the amplitude of the potential appliedto the grid. Thephase relation plies a suddenincrease in the field excitation pressed uponthe Wheatstone bridge circuit and in accordance with the speed of the motor." A more detailed description of the o eration of a similar system employing a l heatstone' bridge circuit is given in the patent to H. M. Stoller, No. 1,695,035, dated De'cember'll, 1928, and the atent'toH. M. Stoller, No. 1,711,661,-date' May 7,, 1929;

The amplifier tube'10 comprises a grid element 26 a filament 27 and aplat'e 28. Filament current for the amplifier is supplied by the battery section 22 and plate currentis supplied by'the-batter section21. The out ut circuitof the amp ifier' tube is connecte to the regulating field winding 4 of the motor 1.

If the s 'ed'of the motor 1 tends to'increase the requency of the current developed by inductor-alternator 5 increases. The in,- crease in frequency of the alternator currentwinding 4 opposes the tendency of the motor to increase in speed.

If the motor 1 tends'to decrease in speed the frequency of the current developed by the-inductor-alternator 5 is lowered. The

phase relation between the potentials on the grid and plate of the phase detector tube are so. varied as to increase the output voltage from the phase detector tube impressed on the coupling resistance 25. The negative biasing potential on the grid 26 ofthe amplifier tube 18 increased to lower the current flow through theamplifier tube and the excitation of the regulating field winding 4. The decreased excitation ofthe regulating field winding opposes the tendency of the voltage to de- A regulator system constructed as above set forth will operate in a very sensitive manner butmay have a tendency to hunt unless some windin .4 by

auxilia :means is provided for *o posing said'ten ency. Inaccordance witht e,pres-* ent invention a resistance element 30; shunted by a relatively large capacity .condensentll is provided in the outputcircuitof therphase. detector tube 9. Upon tendency iofsthe motoi-T to change speed a relatively large corrective excitation isfatplplied to: the regulating field;

4 e antiehunting means todm 'm d ete y. QPPQ Q s ch t n ency bflt'he motor to change speed. The, corrective excitation applie'df tofthe regulati've field winding: is

gradi ully reduced as the condenser 31 .dis-HI pirate at whichi thecorrecti e' excitation is reduced may be controlled; by varyin the 's ze o-f ithe condenser 31: If so charges.

' ne "e R ti y ema lmu 3 3 m ed ate y fdcnly increased;

the regulatiii the output fronilthe, phase detector tube 9 is impressed oncoupl ing resistanoe 25 through the resistancefelement 30. This reduces the corrective excitation'yyhich had been applied changefini speed; v If he motoritend's' to decreasein speed a out'put of t5imse dctector tuhe is endto the motor-f1 fuponftendency thereof to coupling resistancej25,operates the amplifier tube 10 tofderea'se the excitation of therregulating' fieldiwindingfil" to oppose the tendency of the motorto change in speed. Thecondenser 31' graduall discharges so that the output from the p ase detector tubegis impressed on the coupling resistance 25 'tli i ough.v the res'istanceelement 30. Th'u's thecorrem tive excitation a'hich was first impressed upon the regulating field Winding! is gradually reducedtoa steady'state. c Modifications in the system a'nd inv the arrangementand location of parts may made withinrthe spirit and scope of the iiivention and suchwmodifications are intended be covered; y theappended-ciaims; Whatisclaimedisr a f or gradually reducing the corrective force.

- -controllingsaid field 'hvinding to maintain ;the motor speed substantiallyconstant, 'said 1 capacity 1 element for app large corrective excitation; to said field win ing upontendend ofthe motor to change i V r, I "tive excitation? The 9 l cte'd c s e resistance elements? airegulatingfieldwii'i lowered, he-rapidchange in the" ndenser in the out 'iit"circuitcremqswm,

aptply a corrective excitation to,- c g e d yyinding 4 ,of the motor. 4 The condenser {31' gradually. discharges and 1e sudden increase, in the outputifrom the phase detector tube .is trans-; mitted immediately through the condenser31 to thecoupliiigresistance25i The.-sudden I increase in potential impressed across the tosaid eld w nding .motonto change s e acteristic thereof constant, said means coine -f." j 1 A aprising auxiliary means having a capacity f .eleinentfor immediately applying a relatively -l'arg'ecorrective force to sai machine upon tendency to change inthecharacteristictheres of to returnthe characteristic to normal a 2; In a "regulator system, smote; having 'a regulating field winding fandlmeans'Tor weathe man ing a relatiyeliyl j pj means comprising auxiliari'y y 1 3. 1111 a regulator trollingsaid eld windin .to; maintain t heji motor' speed constant; anfm'ean's ing' a resistance element shunted b It Con-ii :discharge device or applying a relativel large corrective excitation to said fielduwiiid ing upon tendencypf the motor'to chan e; speed and for gradually reducing t-he cox-rec tiveexcitati'on} e 4: In aregulatorssysteinfl dynamo-electric machine; means i comprising] a three elementl "spacefdischarge device operated according to a'characteristiciof saidmachine for co'ntro L f ling thdi'riachinto"maintain-the;jcharacteri v istic thereof constant; and c meansgcompr s ng j;

aresi'stance' e'leinentshuntedfiby a condenser,

inthe output, circuit" of said'spa'ce discharge device for'a'pp'lyinga relatively; large correcfive force to aid machineupon tendency to change in the characteristic t c c c c the characteristic to normal and for gradually j. a

ereof to'retu'rn reducing the correctivefforce.

a regulating, field iviridihg, a source offalte'rnatingicurrent haying a frequency varying accor ing tothe- 'otor speed-,"means comprise" c ing a"three-elemen't space[discharge dev icef for controlling "theexcitation of said, field winding according to the frequenc "of said alternating current to' maintain t emotor .diately a plying'a large correctiyejexcitation m tendency of the and forv reducing'the'correct ue excitation; (l

i i 6. Inaregulatorsystein,adynamo eleetric i ,j

trolcircuitsfforfgoverning saifd ma hineto 3' 7 I L maintainlaj-characteristic thereof constant, 1. In a. regulator system, a dynamo-electric machine, and electrical regulati ncansfor controlling said machine to main in a char machinefregulating means comprising c nand a resistance element shunted by a com denser in'fsaidcontrol circuitsQforYimmed 'Q ately applying a'relatively' large corrective 180 sp d wa m elli sduf liqg s 9 531 5 5. In'fa'regulatoi'I system, a motor having force to said machine upon tendency to change in the characteristic thereof to return a regulating field win ing, means comprising control circuits for governingsaid field winding to maintain the motor speed constant, and a resistance element shunted by a condenser in said control circuits for immediately applying a relatively large correctiveexcitation to said field winding upon tendency of the motor to change speed and prevent hunting action},

8. In a regulator system, a.dynamo-electric machine, regulatin means comprising vacuum tube circuits For controllin said machine to maintain a characteristic t ere'of constant, and auxiliary means comprising a condenser in shunt to a resistance in said vac-. uum tube circuits for immediately applying a relatively large corrective force to said machine'upon tendency to change in the characteristic thereof to return the characteristic to normal value and for gradually reducing the corrective force.

9. Ina regulator system, a dynamo-electric machine,a'three-element space discharge device, means for operating said device according to a' characteristic of said machine, means comprising an amplifier coupled to said space discharge devicefor controlling said machine to maintain the characteristic thereof constant, and means in the output circuit of said s ace dischar e device and directly controlling said amp ifier for applying a relatively large corrective force to said machine u on tendencyto change in the characteristic thereof to return the characteristic to normal and for gradually reducing the corrective force.

10. In a regulator system, a motor having a regulating field winding, a pilot generator operated by said motor, regulating means comprising vacuum tubecircuits operated by said generator for -controlling said field winding to maintain'the motor speed substantially constant, and means comprising a resistance element shunted by a condenser inserted in the vacuumtube circuits for effecting a sudden change in the excitation of said field winding upon tendency of the motor to change speed to temporarily anticipate the operation of the regulating means.

11. In a regulator system, a motor having a regulating field winding, asource of alternatin current having a frequency varying according to the motor speed, a' three-element hase detector tube, means for operating said phase detector tube according to the frequency of the current from said source, a

three-element space discharge amplifier coupled to said detector tube for controlling said field winding to maintain the motor speed constant, and means in the plate cirthe characteristic to normal and prevent,

may

cuit of. said detector tube for controlling said amplifier tube to apply a relatively large corrective'field excitation upon tendency of the motor to change speed and to gradually reduce the corrective excitation.

vteristic of said machine, a phase detector tube, means for operating said phase detector tube according to the frequency of said alternating current, a space discharge amplifier coupled to said phase detector for controlling said field Winding to maintain the -mach1ne character stic constant. and means com rising a resistance element shunted by a con enser in the output circuit of said detector tube for operating the amplifier tube to,

apply a relatively large corrective field excltation upon tendency of the machine char acteristic to change and to gradually reduce the corrective excitation.

13. Ina regulator system, a motor having a regulating field winding, a generator producing an alternatingcurrent having a frequency varying according to the motor speed, a phase detector tube, a Wheatstone bridge circuit having one-arm thereof in the form of a tuned circuit, two opposite vertices of said bridge circuit being connected to said generator and the other two vertices being connected to the input circuit'of said phase detector tube, means for supplying alternating potential to the plate of said tube from said'generator, anamplifier space discharge device coupled to said detector tube'for controlling said field winding to maintain the motor speed constant, and means in the output circuit ofsaid phase detector tube and directly controlling said amplifier device for applying a large corrective excitation to said field winding upon tendency of the motor gradually reducing ing to the motor speed, a three-element phase detector tube, a \Vheatstone bridge circuit having onearm tuned to the frequency produced by the generator when the motor is operating at normal speed, twoopposite vertices of said bridge being connected to said generator and the other two vertices being connected to the input circuit of the phase detector tube, a space discharge amplifier coupled to said detector tube for governing the excitation of said field winding to maintain the motor speed constant, and means comprising a resistance element shunted by a condenser in the output circuit of said phase detector tube for applying a relatively large corgradual mama rective excitation tb said field winding upon tendenci of the motor to change speed and for y reducing the corrective excitation.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 29th day of April, 1929.

EDMUND R, MDRTON; 

